Volume 24, Issue 4 p. 476-486

Original Article

Phylogenetic community structure and stable isotope analysis of the parasitoid community associated with Eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Christopher J. Greyson-Gaito,

Corresponding Author

Christopher J. Greyson-Gaito

[email protected]

orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-0290

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Correspondence

Christopher J. Greyson-Gaito, Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.

Email: [email protected]

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Sarah J. Dolson,

Sarah J. Dolson

orcid.org/0000-0001-9312-2282

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

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Glen Forbes,

Glen Forbes

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Rosanna Lamb,

Rosanna Lamb

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Wayne E. MacKinnon,

Wayne E. MacKinnon

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Kevin S. McCann,

Kevin S. McCann

orcid.org/0000-0001-6031-7913

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

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M. Alex Smith,

M. Alex Smith

orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

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Eldon S. Eveleigh,

Eldon S. Eveleigh

orcid.org/0000-0001-5060-8565

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

Population Ecology Group, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Christopher J. Greyson-Gaito,

Corresponding Author

Christopher J. Greyson-Gaito

[email protected]

orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-0290

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Correspondence

Christopher J. Greyson-Gaito, Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.

Email: [email protected]

Search for more papers by this author

Sarah J. Dolson,

Sarah J. Dolson

orcid.org/0000-0001-9312-2282

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Search for more papers by this author

Glen Forbes,

Glen Forbes

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Rosanna Lamb,

Rosanna Lamb

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Wayne E. MacKinnon,

Wayne E. MacKinnon

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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Kevin S. McCann,

Kevin S. McCann

orcid.org/0000-0001-6031-7913

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

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M. Alex Smith,

M. Alex Smith

orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

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Eldon S. Eveleigh,

Eldon S. Eveleigh

orcid.org/0000-0001-5060-8565

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

Population Ecology Group, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

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First published: 10 May 2022

https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12508

Funding information: C. J. Greyson-Gaito was supported by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship, by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) CGS-D and by a Royal Canadian Geographical Society James Bourque Research Grant. Financial support was provided by the Canadian Forest Service to E.S. Eveleigh, by NSERC to K. S. McCann and M. A. Smith, and by the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency to M. A. Smith and E. S. Eveleigh.

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Abstract

Eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of eastern North American forests. Outbreaks of spruce budworm occur every 30–40 years, causing high tree mortality.
Researchers have established that higher proportions of hardwood trees within stands (higher hardwood content) may reduce the defoliation and mortality of balsam fir and spruces during spruce budworm outbreaks. One mechanism posited to explain these patterns is that hardwood trees positively impact the parasitoids of spruce budworm. Indeed, parasitism of spruce budworm by parasitoids has been found to be impacted by hardwood content. However, more research is needed to understand how hardwood content impacts the parasitoid community as a whole.
In this study, we trialled the use of two analyses, phylogenetic community structure and stable isotope analysis, to examine how hardwood content influenced the parasitoid community associated with spruce budworm.
We found that phylogenetic community structure differed between forest stands with different hardwood content. Furthermore, the trophic relationships between several parasitoids and caterpillars on balsam fir or hardwood trees changed within and between years.
Our study highlights the potential of these two analyses for understanding how hardwood content influences the parasitoid community associated with spruce budworm.

Open Research

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

All sequences and photographs are publically available on BOLD. All data and code (v3.0) to reproduce the reported results are publicly available on GitHub and have been archived on Zenodo.

Supporting Information

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Volume24, Issue4

November 2022

Pages 476-486

Phylogenetic community structure and stable isotope analysis of the parasitoid community associated with Eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Abstract

Open Research

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Supporting Information

REFERENCES

References

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Phylogenetic community structure and stable isotope analysis of the parasitoid community associated with Eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Abstract

Open Research

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Supporting Information

REFERENCES

References

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